This infernal image of the 1630s was inspired by the "hell landscapes" of Jan Brueghel the Elder which in turn looked back to Bosch. The subject is from Virgil, Aeneid, Book VI.
Provenance:
Sigmund Herrmann, Mannheim, later New York (by 1902); by descent to his niece, Erna S. Blade (until 1991)
Similar paintings can be seen for example in the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna and at Pierre Bergé in Paris in 2012